Resource Technologies

With the removal of the ban on the sale of non-iodised salt in the open market, the production of common salt in the country till recently has increased to 8376500 tonnes. It is expected that the common salt production for the year 2000 is likely to rise over 16.70 million tonnes whereas 1998 it declained to 11.96 million tonnes, due to imposition of ban on the sale of non-iodised salt in the open market. In 1999, the production was 14.14mt. The data suggests that considerable brine in the form of waste called bittern is unutilized after recovery of sodium chloride.

Further the bittern is deposited back into the sea and in such case it causes an osmotic shock to the mulitude of living organisms in the inshore waters. In addition, in some places, the deposit of bittern recycled for the formation of NaCl affecting purity of salt. These factors have been taken into account for proceeding the project.

The bittern containing magnesium has utilized as a raw material for the production of low soluble, chloride free, multinutrient fertilizer known as Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate. For the field trial, 98% of the raw materials have been recovered in the final marketable product. The fertilizer contains trace elements. Since it is chloride free, it is recommended as a ´soil conditioner´ in the unproductive soil due to discharge of industrial effluent containing chlorides. Such lands are to be reclaimed to restore ecobalance. The results are presented.

As per the above, ammonium magnesium phosphate represents a chloride free multinutrient fertilizer with trace elements available in the bittern. (a Pure Product). High purity of gypsum and a solution rich in K, Na, CaCl2 as raw material for another industrial activity (a Secondary by-product as raw material).




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:: Fresh water

:: Industrial

:: Brine Bittern as fertilizer \| Reject of desalination

Bittern as fertilizer With the removal of the ban on the sale of non-iodised salt in the open market, the production of common salt in the country till recently has increased to 8376500 tonnes. It is expected that the common salt production for the year 2000 is likely to rise over 16.70 million tonnes whereas 1998 it declained to 11.96 million tonnes, due to imposition of ban on the sale of non-iodised salt in the open market. In 1999, the production was 14.14mt. The data suggests that considerable brine in the form of waste called bittern is unutilized after recovery of sodium chloride. Further the bittern is deposited back into the sea and in such case it causes an osmotic shock to the mulitude of living organisms in the inshore waters. In addition, in some places, the deposit of bittern recycled for the formation of NaCl affecting purity of salt. These factors have been taken into account for proceeding the project. The bittern containing magnesium has utilized as a raw material for the production of low soluble, chloride free, multinutrient fertilizer known as Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate. For the field trial, 98% of the raw materials have been recovered in the final marketable product. The fertilizer contains trace elements. Since it is chloride free, it is recommended as a ´soil conditioner´ in the unproductive soil due to discharge of industrial effluent containing chlorides. Such lands are to be reclaimed to restore ecobalance. The results are presented. Process Mixing the bittern with the phosphoric acid Neutralizing the said mixture with NH4OH resulting in the formation of crystalline 3NH4MgPO4.H2O. (Product) Separation of product by filtration Recovery of ammonia from filtrates and \washings by distillation Distilled operation rich in Na, K, CaCl2, and solid (by product) Filtration, drying, washing, distillation done at specific temperature, pH, incubation period, Specific gravity, etc., Advantages Simplicity High recovery efficiency High purity of product Magnesium source seawater bittern a by-product of salt operation, which is inexhaustible Trace elements present are sprayed as nutritional additive Chloride free. As per the above, ammonium magnesium phosphate represents a chloride free multinutrient fertilizer with trace elements available in the bittern. (a Pure Product). High purity of gypsum and a solution rich in K, Na, CaCl2 as raw material for another industrial activity (a Secondary by-product as raw material).
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